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report [2023/06/19 09:48] – team1report [2023/06/28 02:31] (current) – [6.2 Engineering Ethics] team1
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 ^ Abbreviation ^ Description ^ ^ Abbreviation ^ Description ^
-|EPS |European Project Semester| 
-|ISEP|Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto| 
-|USB |Universal Serial Bus| 
 |CAGR|Compound Annual Growth Rate| |CAGR|Compound Annual Growth Rate|
 +|CSS|Cascading Style Sheets|
 +|EPS |European Project Semester|
 |FSC|Forest Stewardship Council| |FSC|Forest Stewardship Council|
-|PEFC|Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification Schemes| +|HTML|HyperText Markup Language| 
-|MDF|Medium Density Fiberboard| +|HPL|High Pressure Laminate|
-|SWOT|Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats|+
 |IoT|Internet of Things| |IoT|Internet of Things|
-|PDCA|Plan-Do-Check-Act| +|ISEP|Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto|
-|WCED|World Commission on Environment and Development| +
-|WBCSD|World Business Council for Sustainable Development| +
-|VOC|Volatile Organic Compounds| +
-|LED|Light Emitting Diode|+
 |LCA|Life Cycle Analysis| |LCA|Life Cycle Analysis|
-|USB|Universal Serial Bus| +|LED|Light Emitting Diode|
-|HPL|High Pressure Laminate|+
 |LPL|Low Pressure Laminate| |LPL|Low Pressure Laminate|
-|HTML|HyperText Markup Language| +|MDF|Medium Density Fiberboard| 
-|CSS|Cascading Style Sheets|+|PDCA|Plan-Do-Check-Act| 
 +|PEFC|Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification Schemes| 
 +|SWOT|Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats| 
 +|USB |Universal Serial Bus| 
 +|VOC|Volatile Organic Compounds| 
 +|WBCSD|World Business Council for Sustainable Development| 
 +|WCED|World Commission on Environment and Development|
 |XML|eXtensible Markup Language| |XML|eXtensible Markup Language|
 +
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 ===== - Introduction ===== ===== - Introduction =====
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 ==== - Procurement ==== ==== - Procurement ====
  
-As it is written earlier, the budget is: 100 euros. The final product will probably cost thousands of euros, but the idea is to have a product intended for small accommodation. The aim is therefore to have the lowest final price while having interesting quality. To do that, it is necessary to limit as much as possible the cost of transportation because of pollution. Our main market being located in Asia, the factory will be implemented there. The factory will manufacture the cupboards, the desk, and the table panels. The materials of those furniture’s parts are coming from KML, which is a Wilsonart Company. Wilsonart is a global manufacturer and distributor of High Pressure Laminates and other engineered composite materials, used in furniture, with an manufacturing site in Shanghai, China. The electronic components typically originate from this geographical region, resulting in relatively short travel distances. The features, such as the tap, the cooking plates, the sink, the plugs will be provided by Leroy Merlin and Ikea, two huge chain shops implemented all over the world. The rails system will be designed and created by the team and manufactured by a partner in the eastern asian region. Amplea will make a call for tenders and choose which one is the most interesting concerning again, the price, the quality, the timings and a sustainable and eco-friendly production. Finally the elevation system is developed by a company implemented in South Korea and in Japan.+As it is written earlier, the budget is: 100 euros. The final product will probably cost thousands of euros, but the idea is to have a product intended for small accommodation. The aim is therefore to have the lowest final price while keeping high quality. To do that, it is necessary to limit the transportation costs as much as possible. As our main market will be located in Asia, the factory will be located there.  The factory will manufacture the cupboards, the desk, and the table panels. The materials of those furniture parts are coming from KML, which is a Wilsonart Company. Wilsonart is a global manufacturer and distributor of High Pressure Laminates and other engineered composite materials, used in furniture, with a manufacturing site in Shanghai, China. The electronic components typically originate from this geographical region, resulting in relatively short travel distances. The features, such as the tap, the cooking plates, the sink, the plugs will be provided by Leroy Merlin and Ikea, two huge chain shops implemented all over the world. The rails system will be designed and created by the team and manufactured by a partner in the eastern asian region. Amplea will make a call for tenders and choose which one is the most interesting concerning again, the price, the quality, the timings and a sustainable and eco-friendly production. Finally the elevation system is developed by a company located in South Korea and in Japan.
    
 ==== - Stakeholders Management ==== ==== - Stakeholders Management ====
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 ^ Group of people ^ Role ^ Influence ^ Contact with the team ^ Expectations ^ ^ Group of people ^ Role ^ Influence ^ Contact with the team ^ Expectations ^
 | Suppliers | Provide the components and the raw material | Moderate | During the whole contracts | Written in the contracts | | Suppliers | Provide the components and the raw material | Moderate | During the whole contracts | Written in the contracts |
-| Buildings owners | Buy a quantity of product and implement it to their accommodations | Moderate | When the trade is made or when there is a disfonctionnement | To not having issues or disfonctionnement | +| Buildings owners | Buy the product and implement this into their accommodations | Moderate | When the trade is made or when there is a malfunction | To not having issues or malfunction | 
-| Daily users| Using the product. The majority will be renting from the buildings owners | High | None expect review and feedback | Having a functional furniture | +| Daily users| Using the product. Majority will be tenants from the costumer | High | Review and feedback | Having a functional furniture | 
-| Governments | Verify that we are not selling something not conform | Low | Rarely, when there is a problem | Our product respects their laws |+| Governments | Verify that the product is conform | Low | Rarely, when there is a problem | Our product respects their laws |
 </WRAP>  </WRAP> 
 </table> </table>
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 | 8 | 20/4/2023 | 26/4/2023 |Finished  | | 8 | 20/4/2023 | 26/4/2023 |Finished  |
 | 9 | 27/4/2023 | 03/5/2023 |Finished  | | 9 | 27/4/2023 | 03/5/2023 |Finished  |
-| 10 | 04/5/2023 | 10/5/2023 |In progress | +| 10 | 04/5/2023 | 10/5/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 11 | 11/5/2023 | 17/5/2023 |             | +| 11 | 11/5/2023 | 17/5/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 12 | 18/5/2023 | 24/5/2023 |             | +| 12 | 18/5/2023 | 24/5/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 13 | 25/5/2023 | 31/5/2023 |             | +| 13 | 25/5/2023 | 31/5/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 14 | 01/6/2023 | 07/6/2023 |             | +| 14 | 01/6/2023 | 07/6/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 15 | 08/6/2023 | 14/6/2023 |             | +| 15 | 08/6/2023 | 14/6/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 16 | 15/6/2023 | 21/6/2023 |             | +| 16 | 15/6/2023 | 21/6/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 17 | 22/6/2023 | 28/6/2023 |             | +| 17 | 22/6/2023 | 28/6/2023 |Finished  | 
-| 18 | 29/6/2023 |           |             |+| 18 | 29/6/2023 |           |Finished  |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 | M         | Interim Presentation    | Done      | | M         | Interim Presentation    | Done      |
 | N         | List of Materials    | Done      |     | N         | List of Materials    | Done      |    
-| O         | Video of the 3D Model     | In progress |   +| O         | Video of the 3D Model     | Done      |   
-| P         | Packaging Solution/Building Plan    | To do      |    +| P         | Packaging Solution/Building Plan    | Done      |    
-| Q         | Functional Test    | To do      |    +| Q         | Functional Test    | Done      |    
-| R         | Final Report    | To do      |    +| R         | Final Report    | Done      |    
-| S         | Presentation    | To do      |  +| S         | Presentation    | Done      |  
-| T         | Paper    | To do      |    +| T         | Paper    | Done      |    
-| U         | Poster    | To do      |  +| U         | Poster    | Done      |  
-| V         | Upload    | To do      |   +| V         | Upload    | Done |   
  
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-Each sprint plan is planned with a Sprint Planning session. With these sessions, Sprint Plan Tables are made. In Tables {{ref>tlabel12}} till {{ref>tlabel14}}, the first three sprints are described respectively.+Each sprint plan is planned with a Sprint Planning session. For these sessions, Sprint Plan Tables are made. In Tables {{ref>tlabel12}} till {{ref>tlabel14}}, the first three sprints are described respectively.
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 <table tlabel12> <table tlabel12>
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 | 1,2       | B     | JH           | JS,C,A,M,JH  |Done         |      | 1,2       | B     | JH           | JS,C,A,M,JH  |Done         |     
 | 2         | C     | JH           | JS,C,A,M,JH  |Done         |  | 2         | C     | JH           | JS,C,A,M,JH  |Done         | 
-| 2,3       | D     | JS,C,A,M,JH  | JS,C,A,M,JH  |In progress  |  +| 2,3       | D     | JS,C,A,M,JH  | JS,C,A,M,JH  |Done         |  
-| 3         | E     | JS           | JS,C         |In progress  |   +| 3         | E     | JS           | JS,C         |Done         |   
-| 3         | F     | A            | A,M,JH       |In progress  | +| 3         | F     | A            | A,M,JH       |Done         | 
-| 3         | G     | M            | JS,C,A,M,JH  |In progress  |+| 3         | G     | M            | JS,C,A,M,JH  |Done         |
  
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
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-Finally, the start and end dates of the key project deliverables are identified. With this, a Gantt chart is build. This Gantt chart is shown in Figure {{ref>flabel5}}. +Finally, the start and end dates of the key project deliverables are identified. With this, a Gantt chart is build as seen in Chapter 3.2.
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 <figure flabel5> <figure flabel5>
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| Great group, the team works good, first contact with the group so no problem yet | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing |+| Great group, the team works good, first contact with the group so no problems yet | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| Working great, any problem | The team still doesn't have a clear idea of what the project will be about| Nothing | Nothing | Nothing | +| Working great, no problems | The team still doesn't have a clear idea of what the project will be about| Nothing | Nothing | Nothing | 
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| The team has some good ideas, people are doing their stuff and there is not any problem| The coaches may criticize some stuff that doesn't feel as important | Talking more to each other to try to have more balance work | Nothing | Nothing |+| The team has some good ideas, team members work on their tasks and there is no problem| The coaches criticized on tasks that were not important to the team | Better the communication to have a more balanced team | Do the tasks that are given | Nothing |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| The team discussed about some stuff related to the behavior team without being rude, great experience to about teambuilding| Nothing | try to do better the tasks, try pay attention when someone of the group talks | Balance work and talking more about the problems | Try to no comfort with the basics and try to work all the time at class | +| Teambuilding regarding the importance of different types of behavior within the team| Nothing | Try to do better the tasks, try pay attention when someone of the group talks | Balance work and talking more about the problems | Try to no comfort with the basics and try to work all the time at class | 
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| The team talked with the coaches and they give interesting feedback | Bit of stress about the project, but not with the mates | Try to help each other in any case | Still working as we are doing | Nothing |+| The team talked with the coaches and they give interesting feedback | Some stress to do the milestones | Help eachother where needed | Still working as we are doing | Nothing |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| Give the interim presentation, more than 50% of the work done| We should start working in the prototype| Nothing | Nothing | Nothing |+| Give the interim presentation, more than 50% of the work done| Need to start working on the prototype| Nothing | Nothing | Nothing |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| Materials got for the electric part, design part defined and presented packaging solution and they liked it | Nothing | Nothing | Motivation to finish everything in the project | Nothing |+| Materials got for the electric part, design part defined and presented packaging solution | Nothing | Nothing | Motivation to finish everything in the project | Nothing |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table>  </table> 
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 ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^ ^ Positive ^ Negative ^ Start doing ^ Keep doing ^ Stop doing ^
-| Progress on the prototype discussed and get good comments, packaging solution must be looked| Nothing | Enjoy our near vacations | Nothing | Nothing |+| Progress on the prototype discussed , packaging solution must be looked at| Nothing | Enjoy our near vacations | Nothing | Nothing |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 Overall, the teamwork within the group has been very good. After each sprint, the teams met up and talked about the sprint. The team had open communication by explaining their feelings regarding the tasks and discussed the following tasks. For this reason, the team did not suffer from any internal problems. Also, during the team meetings, the suggestions from the coaches were written down by the the secretary of the team. These notes, as well as the logbook, made the new tasks clear for each team member. Overall, the teamwork within the group has been very good. After each sprint, the teams met up and talked about the sprint. The team had open communication by explaining their feelings regarding the tasks and discussed the following tasks. For this reason, the team did not suffer from any internal problems. Also, during the team meetings, the suggestions from the coaches were written down by the the secretary of the team. These notes, as well as the logbook, made the new tasks clear for each team member.
  
-In sprint 5, the team met up for an activity of team building. The team had to score several personal experience for each member in the team. With this, the team discussed things that could be improved within the team. +
 ==== - Conclusion ==== ==== - Conclusion ====
  
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 It helps in minimizing project risks, preventing delays, and ensuring that projects are completed successfully. It also fosters effective communication with stakeholders, ensuring that expectations are managed, and project progress is transparently communicated. It helps in minimizing project risks, preventing delays, and ensuring that projects are completed successfully. It also fosters effective communication with stakeholders, ensuring that expectations are managed, and project progress is transparently communicated.
  
-Now, the team is going to present the marketing plan, which is an essential tool, in combination with project management, to the success of a project.+In the following chapter, the team is going to present the marketing plan, which is an essential tool, in combination with project management, to the success of a project.
 ===== - Marketing Plan ===== ===== - Marketing Plan =====
  
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   * Related to the above, the team must also look for sustainable products. They are also expensive.   * Related to the above, the team must also look for sustainable products. They are also expensive.
  
-** Sociocultural facotrs **+** Sociocultural factors **
  
 These are the factors related to the cultural and social environment such as demographics, lifestyle changes, education, values, and beliefs that can impact an organization or industry. These are the factors related to the cultural and social environment such as demographics, lifestyle changes, education, values, and beliefs that can impact an organization or industry.
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 Our Common Future was published on October 1987 by the United Nations. The report is also known as the Brundtland Report, referring to former Norwegian prime minister Gro Harlem Brundtland. Brundtland was the chair of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED). “Our Common Future placed environmental issues firmly on the political agenda; it aimed to discuss the environment and development as one single issue [(Brundtland1987)].” The report famously defined sustainable development as “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs [(ALBERTA2018)].” Our Common Future was published on October 1987 by the United Nations. The report is also known as the Brundtland Report, referring to former Norwegian prime minister Gro Harlem Brundtland. Brundtland was the chair of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED). “Our Common Future placed environmental issues firmly on the political agenda; it aimed to discuss the environment and development as one single issue [(Brundtland1987)].” The report famously defined sustainable development as “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs [(ALBERTA2018)].”
  
-Sustainability is more than just environmentalism; “In addition to natural resources, we also need social and economic resources. Embedded in most definitions of sustainability we also find concerns for social equity and economic development [(ALBERTA2018)].” The concept of sustainability is a holistic approach that covers three pillars; the economic, environmental and social. This approach is shown in Figure {{ref>flabel15}}. The three pillars, sometimes better known as people, planet and people, will each be addressed in this chapter. We don’t want sustainability do be yet another part of the job, it should be a guiding influence for the whole project. +Sustainability is more than just environmentalism; “In addition to natural resources, we also need social and economic resources. Embedded in most definitions of sustainability we also find concerns for social equity and economic development [(ALBERTA2018)].” The concept of sustainability is a holistic approach that covers three pillars; the economic, environmental and social. The three pillars, sometimes better known as people, planet and people, will each be addressed in this chapter. We don’t want sustainability do be yet another part of the job, it should be a guiding influence for the whole project. 
  
-{{ : three_pillars_of_sustainability.webp?nolink&400 }} 
-<WRAP centeralign> 
-<figure flabel15> 
-<caption>Three pillars of sustainability</caption> 
-</figure> 
-</WRAP> 
  
 ** Eco-efficiency ** ** Eco-efficiency **
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 ==== - Engineering Ethics ====  ==== - Engineering Ethics ==== 
-Ethics and engineering are unseparated of each other. Engineers are expected to exhibit the highest standards of honesty and integrity. This field of study has a big and direct impact on the quality of life for all people. Engineers are expected to be honesty, impartiality, fairness and equity, and must be dedicated to the public safety, welfare and safety. Engineering Ethics - Introduction [(tutorialspoint)]  The deontology rules for engineering can vary from one country to another and some countries don’t have a written code of ethics. Amplea is focused the most on the Asian market but is made to use over the whole world. According to [national society of professional engineers, 2019], engineers should follow fundamental cannons, practice rules, and personal obligations. These will now be further explained.+Ethics and engineering are unseparated of each other. Engineers are expected to exhibit the highest standards of honesty and integrity. This field of study has a big and direct impact on the quality of life for all people. Engineers are expected to be honesty, impartiality, fairness and equity, and must be dedicated to the public safety, welfare and safety. The deontology rules for engineering can vary from one country to another and some countries don’t have a written code of ethics. Amplea is focused the most on the Asian market but is made to use over the whole world. According to [national society of professional engineers, 2019], engineers should follow fundamental cannons, practice rules, and personal obligations. These will now be further explained.
  
 **Fundamental cannons:** **Fundamental cannons:**
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 ^ Material ^ Description ^ Pros ^ Cons ^ ^ Material ^ Description ^ Pros ^ Cons ^
 | Chipboard | It is build up from rest of wood together with resin It has rough surface | Very cheap, it has different types: for fire, water, resistant, sustainable | The glue is it dangerous for the health, if it suffers any cut, may it would be starting damage from there, is not good against humidity (it gets bigger), the surface is rough, so I can be uncomfortable to use it | | Chipboard | It is build up from rest of wood together with resin It has rough surface | Very cheap, it has different types: for fire, water, resistant, sustainable | The glue is it dangerous for the health, if it suffers any cut, may it would be starting damage from there, is not good against humidity (it gets bigger), the surface is rough, so I can be uncomfortable to use it |
-| Plywood | Made by different types of woods, it is a combine of different plates of woods glued between them |Different types of wood It is not expensive, but no the cheapest, resistant, it is smooth surface, easy to work with it, it can use outside as it has features against humidity, has a lot of capacity of KG | Most of features depends of the wood used. | +| Plywood | Made by different types of woods, it is a combine of different plates of woods glued between them |Different types of wood It is not expensive, but not the cheapest, resistant, it is smooth surface, easy to work with it, it can use outside as it has features against humidity. | Most of features depends of the wood used. | 
-| MDF | Made from subproducts of wood with resin Not the same as chipboard | Resistant against humidity and fire Strong, smooth surface, it is not used to expand or incur | It is not recommendable to work as they have issues when you are putting screws, the dust left by working with its dangerous (or may if it is cut by accident), can absorbe too much water and damaged itself The weight if it is not correctly shared in the surface may can produce problems. |+| MDF | Made from subproducts of wood with resin Not the same as chipboard | Resistant against humidity and fire strong, smooth surface, it is not used to expand or incur | It is not recommendable to work as they have issues when you are putting screws, the dust left by working with its dangerous (or may if it is cut by accident), can absorbe too much water and damaged itself. The weight if it is not correctly shared in the surface may can produce problems. |
 | OSB | Made of little parts of wood that stick together with clay and pressure | Resistant to fire and water Resistant against fungus, have high capacity for weight, can be work easily, it does not have any bad point, isolation against sound and temperature, sustainable | Surface is rough, have not too much capacity to resist humidity, it weights more that others solutions. | | OSB | Made of little parts of wood that stick together with clay and pressure | Resistant to fire and water Resistant against fungus, have high capacity for weight, can be work easily, it does not have any bad point, isolation against sound and temperature, sustainable | Surface is rough, have not too much capacity to resist humidity, it weights more that others solutions. |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
-In comparison, two materials as hardwood honeycomb composite and medium-density fiberboard were most suitable for Amplea. Hardwood honeycomb composite offers several advantages over medium-density fiberboard (MDF) in terms of sustainability, resource conservation, lightweight and strength, durability and stability, versatility, aesthetics, and customizability. Hardwood honeycomb composite is often considered more environmentally friendly due to its efficient use of wood resources and potential incorporation of recycled materials. It is also lighter in weight while still maintaining good structural strength compareable with high pressure laminates[()], making it suitable for various applications where weight reduction is important. Additionally, hardwood honeycomb composite is designed to be durable, stable, and moisture-resistant, making it a reliable choice for long-term use. Its versatility in design and application options, as well as its customizability in terms of specifications, provide flexibility for various uses. Furthermore, its natural wood grain and high-quality appearance offer aesthetic benefits. Overall, hardwood honeycomb composite is a viable alternative to MDF for those who prioritize sustainability, efficiency, performance, versatility, and aesthetics in their material choice.+In comparison, two materials as hardwood honeycomb composite and medium-density fiberboard were most suitable for Amplea. Hardwood honeycomb composite offers several advantages over medium-density fiberboard (MDF) in terms of sustainability, resource conservation, lightweight and strength, durability and stability, versatility, aesthetics, and customizability. Hardwood honeycomb composite is often considered more environmentally friendly due to its efficient use of wood resources and potential incorporation of recycled materials. It is also lighter in weight while still maintaining good structural strength compareable with high pressure laminates[(KML_2023)], making it suitable for various applications where weight reduction is important. Additionally, hardwood honeycomb composite is designed to be durable, stable, and moisture-resistant, making it a reliable choice for long-term use. Its versatility in design and application options, as well as its customizability in terms of specifications, provide flexibility for various uses. Furthermore, its natural wood grain and high-quality appearance offer aesthetic benefits. Overall, hardwood honeycomb composite is a viable alternative to MDF for those who prioritize sustainability, efficiency, performance, versatility, and aesthetics in their material choice.
  
 ** Metals ** ** Metals **
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 ^ Material ^ Pros ^ Cons ^ ^ Material ^ Pros ^ Cons ^
 | Steel | Cost-effective compared to stainless steel, strong and durable, easy to work with and manufacture, suitable for indoor use | Prone to rusting and corrision if exponed to humidity, requires regular maintenance, not suitable for outdoor, may not be very resistant over the pass of time |  | Steel | Cost-effective compared to stainless steel, strong and durable, easy to work with and manufacture, suitable for indoor use | Prone to rusting and corrision if exponed to humidity, requires regular maintenance, not suitable for outdoor, may not be very resistant over the pass of time | 
-| Aluminium | Non-corrosive, Easily machined and cast, light, durable, non-magnetic, recyclable. Cheapest Material | Can be easily dented or scratched also compared with steel, so the steel is a little bit stronger material | +| Aluminium | Non-corrosive, easily machined and cast, light, durable, non-magnetic, recyclable. Cheapest Material | Can be easily dented or scratched also compared with steel, so the steel is a little bit stronger material | 
-| Zinc | Corrision-resistant (can be used in kitchen), durable and long-lasting, can be easily work, Ligthweigth and easy to install | Not strong as other materials, may not hold up heavy weight, can become brittle over time and break under stress, not suitable for high-temperature environments (near stoven or ovens), not safe for heavy doors |+| Zinc | Corrision-resistant (can be used in kitchen), durable and long-lasting, can be easily work, ligthweigth and easy to install | Not strong as other materials, may not hold up heavy weight, can become brittle over time and break under stress, not suitable for high-temperature environments (near stoven or ovens), not safe for heavy doors |
 | Bronze | Highly durable and long-lasting, resistant to corrosion and rust, easily polished to maintain the appearance, secure hold for heavy doors | More expensive than steel or zinc, heavy and may require additional support if the door is large, may require periodic maintenance to prevenent tranishing, may not suitable for high-temperature environments (near oven or stove) | | Bronze | Highly durable and long-lasting, resistant to corrosion and rust, easily polished to maintain the appearance, secure hold for heavy doors | More expensive than steel or zinc, heavy and may require additional support if the door is large, may require periodic maintenance to prevenent tranishing, may not suitable for high-temperature environments (near oven or stove) |
 | Brass | Highly durable and long-lasting, resistant to corrosion and rust, easily polished to maintain the appearance, secure hold for heavy doors, suitable for high-temperature environments | More expensive than the others materials, may required support for large doors, periodic maintenance, more prone to wear and tear compared with stainless steel | | Brass | Highly durable and long-lasting, resistant to corrosion and rust, easily polished to maintain the appearance, secure hold for heavy doors, suitable for high-temperature environments | More expensive than the others materials, may required support for large doors, periodic maintenance, more prone to wear and tear compared with stainless steel |
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 In the selection of bowl hinges, there are various types:  In the selection of bowl hinges, there are various types: 
  
--  Straight hinge: One of the most common. Has an aperture of 110º.+-  Straight hinge: One of the most common. Has an aperture of 110 degree.
  
--  Angled hinge: It is the one that allows the door not to cover the side of the entire module, and also has a 110° opening. Angled hinges are the most used type of door hinges. +-  Angled hinge: It is the one that allows the door not to cover the side of the entire module, and also has a 110 degree opening. Angled hinges are the most used type of door hinges. 
  
-- Super-layered hinge: It is used to attach the door of the furniture with the furniture itself, so that it can be opened and closed. Its opening is also 110°.+- Super-layered hinge: It is used to attach the door of the furniture with the furniture itself, so that it can be opened and closed. Its opening is also 110 degree.
  
-- 180° opening: They are used for overlapping doors in small furniture. They have a 180° aperture, as the name suggests.+- 180 degree opening: They are used for overlapping doors in small furniture. They have a 180 degree aperture, as the name suggests.
  
  
-  * Invisible hinge: As its name indicates, this hinge can not be seen. It has a 180° aperture. There are two types: cylindrical (for folding tables and kitchen furniture) and normal. The advantages and disadvantages of the different hinges are shown in Table {{ref>hingestable}}. +  * Invisible hinge: As its name indicates, this hinge can not be seen. It has a 180 degree aperture. There are two types: cylindrical (for folding tables and kitchen furniture) and normal. The advantages and disadvantages of the different hinges are shown in Table {{ref>hingestable}}. 
  
 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
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 <caption>Provisional list of aluminium elements </caption> <caption>Provisional list of aluminium elements </caption>
 <WRAP box center 800px> <WRAP box center 800px>
-^ Identifier ^ Name ^ Measurements (cm*cm*cm) ^ Supplement ^ Quantity ^ Material ^ Density (kg/m3) ^ Price (€/kg) (Aprox) ^ Price (€) ^ +^ Identifier ^ Name ^ Measurements (cm x cm x cm) ^ Supplement ^ Quantity ^ Material ^ Density (kg/m3) ^ Price (€/kg) (Aprox) ^ Price (€) ^ 
-| RS | Rails start | 60*4*2 | 8*7.5*1 (a piece by unity)| 2 | Aluminium | 2700 | 1.42 | 4.1 |  +| RS | Rails start | 60 x 4 x 2 | 8 x 7.5 x 1 (a piece by unity)| 2 | Aluminium | 2700 | 1.42 | 4.1 |  
-| RP | Rails part | 60*4*2 |  | 6 | Aluminium | 2700 | 1.42 | 11.0 |  +| RP | Rails part | 60 x 4 x 2 |  | 6 | Aluminium | 2700 | 1.42 | 11.0 |  
-| L | Legs | 66*4*2.5 |  | 2 | Aluminium  | 2700 | 1.42 | 5.1 |  +| L | Legs | 66 x 4 x 2.5 |  | 2 | Aluminium  | 2700 | 1.42 | 5.1 |  
-| EL | Extra legs | 60*2*2 | 42*1.5*2 (only one piece)| 2 | Aluminium  | 2700 | 1.42 | 2.3 |+| EL | Extra legs | 60 x 2 x 2 | 42 x 1.5 x 2 (only one piece)| 2 | Aluminium  | 2700 | 1.42 | 2.3 |
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 <caption>Provisional list of woods elements for version A</caption> <caption>Provisional list of woods elements for version A</caption>
 <WRAP box center 800px> <WRAP box center 800px>
-^ Identifier ^ Name ^ Measurements (cm*cm) ^ Thickness (cm) ^ Quantity ^ Material ^ Price (€/m²) (Aprox) ^ Price (€) ^ +^ Identifier ^ Name ^ Measurements (cm x cm) ^ Thickness (cm) ^ Quantity ^ Material ^ Price (€/m²) (Aprox) ^ Price (€) ^ 
-| WS | Wardrobe sides | 70*200 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 571.1 |  +| WS | Wardrobe sides | 70 x 200 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 571.1 |  
-| WTB | Wardrobe top and bottom| 54*72 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 158.6 |  +| WTB | Wardrobe top and bottom| 54 x 72 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 158.6 |  
-| WDB | Wardrobe door and back | 64*200 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 522.1 |  +| WDB | Wardrobe door and back | 64 x 200 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 522.1 |  
-| S | Shelves | 50*68 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 214.1 |  +| S | Shelves | 50 x 68 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 214.1 |  
-| D | Desk | 150*70 | 2 | 1 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 214.1 |  +| D | Desk | 150 x 70 | 2 | 1 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 214.1 |  
-| TS | Desk sides | 70*9 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 51.4 |  +| TS | Desk sides | 70 x 9 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 51.4 |  
-| TBF | Table back and front | 150*9 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 55.1 |  +| TBF | Table back and front | 150 x 9 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 55.1 |  
-| AT | Auxiliary tables | 60*50 | 0.5 | 3 | Composite HPL | 53.66 | 48.3 | +| AT | Auxiliary tables | 60 x 50 | 0.5 | 3 | Composite HPL | 53.66 | 48.3 | 
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 <caption>Provisional list of woods elements for version B</caption> <caption>Provisional list of woods elements for version B</caption>
 <WRAP box center 800px> <WRAP box center 800px>
-^ Identifier ^ Name ^ Measurements (cm*cm) ^ Thickness (cm) ^ Quantity ^ Material ^ Price (€/m²) (Aprox) ^ Price (€) ^ +^ Identifier ^ Name ^ Measurements (cm x cm) ^ Thickness (cm) ^ Quantity ^ Material ^ Price (€/m²) (Aprox) ^ Price (€) ^ 
-| WS | Wardrobe sides | 70*200 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 1142.2 |  +| WS | Wardrobe sides | 70 x 200 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 1142.2 |  
-| WTB | Wardrobe top and bottom| 54*72 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 371.2 |  +| WTB | Wardrobe top and bottom| 54 x 72 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 371.2 |  
-| WDB | Wardrobe door and back | 64*200 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 1044.2 |  +| WDB | Wardrobe door and back | 64 x 200 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 1044.2 |  
-| S | Shelves | 50*68 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 428.2 |  +| S | Shelves | 50 x 68 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 428.2 |  
-| D | Desk | 150*70 | 2 | 1 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 214.1 |  +| D | Desk | 150 x 70 | 2 | 1 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 214.1 |  
-| TS | Desk sides | 70*9 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 51.4 |  +| TS | Desk sides | 70 x 9 | 2 | 4 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 51.4 |  
-| TBF | Table back and front | 150*9 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 55.1 |  +| TBF | Table back and front | 150 x 9 | 2 | 2 | Composite HPL | 203.95 | 55.1 |  
-| AT | Auxiliary tables | 60*50 | 0.5 | 3 | Composite HPL | 53.66 | 48.3 | +| AT | Auxiliary tables | 60 x 50 | 0.5 | 3 | Composite HPL | 53.66 | 48.3 | 
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 </table> </table>
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 <WRAP centeralign>  <WRAP centeralign> 
 <figure flabel26> <figure flabel26>
-{{ ::picture_with_all_positions.jpg |}}+{{ :image1.png?400 |}}{{ :image2.png?400 |}}{{ :image3.png?400 |}}
 <caption> Final Solidworks 3D design </caption> <caption> Final Solidworks 3D design </caption>
 </figure> </figure>
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 ==== - Prototype ==== ==== - Prototype ====
- +This chapter focuses on the examination of the prototype to assess potential structural vulnerabilities in the material through the application of force, as well as the necessity of modifications to the hardware beyond initial expectations. Comprehensive testing procedures were conducted for each specific domain, encompassing the areas of structure, hardware, and software.
-Refer main changes in relation to the designed solution.+
  
 === - Structure=== === - Structure===
-Using simulation software, it will be ensured that the Amplea is sufficiently strong to withstand potential loads in both the main desk and the extendable positions. Solidworks will be employed for the simulation tests, with the loads being predetermined by the team. The appropriate properties were determined by consulting various online sources [(KML_2023)].+Using simulation software, it will be ensured that the Amplea is sufficiently strong to withstand potential loads in both the main desk and the extendable positions. Solidworks will be employed for the simulation tests, with the loads being predetermined by the team. The appropriate properties were determined by consulting various online sources [(KML_2023)] [(ROSSWOOD_2010)] [(RECYCLING_2021)].
  
 The lifting mechanisms incorporated in the desk have undergone rigorous testing by the respective manufacturers to verify their load-carrying capacity. Furthermore, an additional test was conducted specifically on the table top to ascertain its ability to withstand the pressure exerted by a user sitting and standng on it. For this test, the desk wheight with the installed components plus a single person was set at 300 kilograms, and a safety factor of 2 was applied. Consequently, a load of 600 kilograms (approximately 6000N) was exerted on the desk.By employing this safety factor, it can be assured that the desk is capable of withstanding the specified load, even when the user is standing on it or other heavy things will be placed on it. The load was applied at the center of the table, which is considered the most susceptible area. The experimental setup for simulating the lifting mechanism and the boxes underneath is depicted in Figure {{ref>flabel39}}, respectively. To prevent movement, both sides were constrained in the x-, y-, and z-directions. The lifting mechanisms incorporated in the desk have undergone rigorous testing by the respective manufacturers to verify their load-carrying capacity. Furthermore, an additional test was conducted specifically on the table top to ascertain its ability to withstand the pressure exerted by a user sitting and standng on it. For this test, the desk wheight with the installed components plus a single person was set at 300 kilograms, and a safety factor of 2 was applied. Consequently, a load of 600 kilograms (approximately 6000N) was exerted on the desk.By employing this safety factor, it can be assured that the desk is capable of withstanding the specified load, even when the user is standing on it or other heavy things will be placed on it. The load was applied at the center of the table, which is considered the most susceptible area. The experimental setup for simulating the lifting mechanism and the boxes underneath is depicted in Figure {{ref>flabel39}}, respectively. To prevent movement, both sides were constrained in the x-, y-, and z-directions.
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 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
-The results of this simulation is illustrated in Figures {{ref>figure flabel40}}, {{ref>flabel41}} and {{ref>flabel42}}. Figure {{ref>flabel40}} shows us the stress plot, Figure {{ref>flabel41}} the displacement and Figure {{ref>flabel42}} the factor of safety. +The results of this simulation is illustrated in Figures {{ref>flabel40}}, {{ref>flabel41}} and {{ref>flabel42}}. Figure {{ref>flabel40}} shows us the stress plot, Figure {{ref>flabel41}} the displacement and Figure {{ref>flabel42}} the factor of safety. 
 <WRAP centeralign> <WRAP centeralign>
 <figure flabel40> <figure flabel40>
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 ^Name^Characteristics^Price [€]^Photo^ ^Name^Characteristics^Price [€]^Photo^
 |TSL2561|capable of direct I2C communication and is able to conduct specific light ranges from 0.1 - 40k+ Lux easily. Additionally, the TSL12561 contains two integrating analog-to-digital converters (ADC) that integrate currents from two photodiodes, simultaneously. Each breakout requires a supply voltage of 3V and a low supply current max of 0.6mA.|8.77€|{{ :tsl_2561.jpg?100 |}}| |TSL2561|capable of direct I2C communication and is able to conduct specific light ranges from 0.1 - 40k+ Lux easily. Additionally, the TSL12561 contains two integrating analog-to-digital converters (ADC) that integrate currents from two photodiodes, simultaneously. Each breakout requires a supply voltage of 3V and a low supply current max of 0.6mA.|8.77€|{{ :tsl_2561.jpg?100 |}}|
-|Wateflow sensor G1/2| Mini. Wokring Voltage: DC 4.5V Max. Working Current: 15mA (DC 5V) Working Voltage: DC 5V~24V Flow Rate Range: 1~30L/minLoad Capacity: 10mA (DC 5V) Operating Temperature: 80℃ Liquid Temperature: 120℃ Operating Humidity: 35%～90%RH Water Pressure: 1.75MPa Storage Temperature: -25～+ 80℃ Storage Humidity: 25%～95%RH | 9.5€ |{{ :wateflow_sensor.jpg?100 |}}|+|Wateflow sensor G1/2| Mini. Wokring Voltage: DC 4.5V Max. Working Current: 15mA (DC 5V) Working Voltage: DC 5V~24V Flow Rate Range: 1~30L/minLoad Capacity: 10mA (DC 5V) Operating Temperature: 80℃ Liquid Temperature: 120℃ Operating Humidity: 35%-90%RH Water Pressure: 1.75MPa Storage Temperature: -25 - +80℃ Storage Humidity: 25%-95%RH | 9.5€ |{{ :wateflow_sensor.jpg?100 |}}|
 |PZEM-004T-v3|AC voltage test range 80 - 260 V, 80 - 260 V voltage, max. working current can reach 100 A | 13.5€ |{{ :electricity_sensor.jpg?100 |}}| |PZEM-004T-v3|AC voltage test range 80 - 260 V, 80 - 260 V voltage, max. working current can reach 100 A | 13.5€ |{{ :electricity_sensor.jpg?100 |}}|
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
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 ===== Bibliography ===== ===== Bibliography =====
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-PS - //If you have doubts on how to make citations, create captions, insert formulas, etc. visit this [[https://www.eps2023-wiki1.dee.isep.ipp.pt/doku.php?id=example | page]] with examples and select "Show pagesource" to see the source code.//  
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